Intro to Ethics Study Guide Essay

1. social contr stand for possibleness is to give up compensate to fool a government, animals come in the public court of opinion. Animals are involved implicit it can be inferred they contribute to human beings beings and killing them would interfere with the balance in the ecosystem 2. justness ethics-aristotle would argue that if you were to kill an animal without morality would be immoral. Using a corresponding much compassion or too little. Doing the respectable thing because it is the right thing. 1st categorical imperative. If that maxim is able to become a commonplace integrity. A maxim would be to care for animals 3. Util- it depends on the situation who it makes joyful more who is satisfied? Can you do better with your time2. If tail has a day off from work and stays home exclusively day getting inebriate, then usefulism would say that it is okay for john to do that seeing that he is home al unmatchable and he is non bothering anyone. His family and compa nions are non aware of what he is doing and he decided to get drunk which makes his happiness the highest. Yet, it must be considered what gutter could have done in that period of time that could have been most beneficial to the community. The morally right thing mouldion brings the highest net or overall happiness which whoremonger did not provide.This brings up Hedonism where the right actions only have outgo results that are meterd so the goal should be to maximize the total measure of happiness. John could have done other things throughout that day like volunteering at a hospital or visiting his family. According to Utilitarianism, John decided to get drunk which is not following through with the Utilitarian right of action by doing something that would give the most happiness. Morality is the hunting expedition to guide ones conduct by reason and have the best reasons for doing them. So, if Johns drinking is not bindinged up with the best reasons possible for doing them , then Johns decision is not morally correct agree to utilitarianism. 3.4. We are obligated to nourish our agreements according to all four theories. Utilitarianism If my happiness outweighs the net happiness of the soul of whom I need to part the foreshadow with, then utilitarianism would say that it is okay to break the promise seeing that it would give me the most amount of happiness. But, if you break that promise and continue to break promises you made to your friend, then that would eventually lead to your best friend being unhappy with you and break the friendship apart unless that friend does not care about broken promises. Kantian ethics We should keep our promises because we are to act only according to that maxim by which it give at the same time become a universal law of nature.If we were to promise to pay someone back and never planned to pay them back for real and broke that promise, then if that was to become a universal law no one would trusts each other or believe community when they say they will owe them back. Thus, this will break friendships and leave the domain with broken promises. Social contract theory depends if the person lying is doing something for vertical virtue ethics practical wisdom on which virtue to use. astute what virtue to use in what situation.5. Kant thought lying was immoral because our doings should be guided by universal laws which are moral rules that adhere true in all parcel. Kant says that lying under any circumstances is the obliteration of ones dignity as a human being Even a small white law is unacceptable. His rail line consisted of it being okay to lie or lying becoming popular. You should act in a way if it was to become a universal law so this universal law of lying would lead to everyone lying and the inclination would be self-defeating, no one would believe each other, and no one would pay attention to what you say. Essentially, Kant believes that we should only do the actions that conf orm to rules that we would adopt universally.7.virtue is a state of character that lies between by doing a virtuous act you will become virtuous because it will become a robes coward-courage 8. If known murder comes to your home searching your friend, A virtue theoretician would tell the truth. Although he has virtues like loyalty and honesty which he want to keep true, I would have to ask between one or the other. Virtues are desired states of character that are also excellence that brings into unassailable conditions therefore people strive to have these virtues.The friend must choose to whether tell the truth to the murderer which is a virtue of having honesty or tell a lie to the murderer to help his friend which is a virtue of loyalty to their friend. Although both virtues are important and one would not want to participate in the murder of their friend, a virtue idealogue would essentially tell the murderer the truth since lying is treating a person as mere means because y ou are using them to lie instead of using them as endsvirtue is a state of character touch with choice and so lying in a mean would be determined by the rational principle which can only be determined by a man of practical wisdom.-virtue looks for what is intermediate.